定語從句

　　縱觀劍橋真題上面的考官范文，定語從句乃是當之無愧高頻句，現摘取如下較典型的例句與讀者共同探討：

　　This has been driven by technological and scientific breakthroughs that are changing the whole way we view the world on an almost daily basis.

　　句中，that 引導的定語從句：that are changing the whole way we view the world on an almost daily basis. 是對先行詞technological and scientific breakthroughs 的限定說明，它不影響主句：This has been driven by technological and scientific breakthroughs. 的語法結構。因此，我們的出結論：定語從句的功能是對句中某個名詞作限定說明，使用方法就是在名詞后+that/which(先行詞為事物)或who(先行詞為人)并且把這些引導詞當成主語，接著補充成一個句子就行啦。

　　狀語從句

　　再看看同樣使用頻率較高的狀語從句：

　　For example, if sufficient sky trains and underground train systems were built and effectively maintained in our major cities, then traffic on the roads would be dramatically reduced.

　　句中，if 引導的是條件狀語從句：if sufficient sky trains and underground train systems were built and effectively maintained in our major cities. 主句一般而言表示基于此條件的結果。我們試著來總結一下它的使用公式：if+句子(條件)+ then+句子(結果)。需要注意的是由于是虛擬條件，if 引導的條件從句用一般過去時，主句用虛擬語氣較為常見。(具體請參照例句理解)

　　賓語從句

　　They may think that it is better to continue in a particular job, or to do something completely different from a university course.

　　句中，that 引導的從句：that it is better to continue in a particular job, or to do something completely different from a university course. 作think 的賓語。That 本身在從句中不做任何成分。我們來探討賓語從句的使用規律：主語+謂語+that+完整句子。就構成了一個賓語從句。

　　表語從句

　　The obvious argument in its favour is that young children pick up languages much more easily than teenagers.

　　句中，that 引導的表語從句：that young children pick up languages much more easily than teenagers. 作系動詞 is 的表語。使用方法不再贅述。

　　同位語從句

　　Obviously, education systems are based on the belief that all children can effectively be taught to acquire different skills, including those associated with sport, art or music.

　　句中，that引導的同位語從句：that all children can effectively be taught to acquire different skills, including those associated with sport, art or music. 是對先行詞belief的補充說明。其用法為：在句中需要補充說明的名詞后+that +句子。

　　注意，同位語從句的引導詞只能是that，并且不在從句中作成分，定語從句則有多個引導詞，且一般在從句中做成分。